Real-time Face Mask Detection and Contactless Body Temperature Measurement on Edge Device Using Deep Learning

The world is severely affected by COVID-19 disease and it has became a threat to everyone. One of the effective methods to prevent infection of this disease is to wear a face mask in public places. The body temperature of a person is an important indicator of COVID-19 infection. Many public places or services give entry to the people only if they wear a mask and have body temperature in a normal range. In areas like college labs, internet cafes and malls, they keep a daily log of visiting persons with details such as name, date, body temperature etc. In this work, a system is proposed that can be utilized to remind people to wear a face mask and monitor them. It can also measure body temperature using an IR temperature sensor and alert respective authorities if it is high. In the proposed system, convolutional neural network MobileNetV2 is used for face mask detection deployed on NVIDIA Jetson Nano. © 2022 IEEE.

Intelligent Information System for Detection of COVID-19 Based on AI

The pandemic is changing the clinical needs and potential for AI-driven computer-assisted diagnoses (CDS). Since the beginning, rapid identification of COVID-19 patients has been a significant difficulty, especially in areas with limited diagnostic testing capacity. Intelligent Information System (IIS) represents the knowledge progression of available data. It has been directed by recent technological integration, data processing, and distribution in multiple computational environments. Intelligent Information Systems are aimed to work like an advanced human brain, where, as per the requirement of changing circumstances, the optimal decision can be evolved. IIS tools are expected to be adaptive, which may vary according to their processing data. As a result, the goal of this study was to provide a complete analysis of various technologies for combating COVID-19, with a focus on their features, problems, and domiciliation nation. Our findings demonstrate the performance of developing technologies. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Fuzzy based classification and COVID-19 Patient's Data analysis

COVID-19 respiratory viral disease has changed the entire research communities' focus towards Diseases, Health Care, Treatment and related resources decision making and services. Fuzzy approach gives simplification and improvement in processing logic and speed applied to Data analytics and testing of algorithm for different business purposes may be future research domain. Significant COVID-19 analytics can help to classify and prioritize the resources the future consequences to take enhanced self-ruled decisions, to recognise and design pattern in data spread to design strategic policies for medical, health care units and stakeholders.Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

Pathophysiology of COVID-19 and analysis of approaches in Ayurveda

COVID-19 is causing a global crisis and a public health emergency. Understanding COVID-19 pathophysiology in an ayurvedic host-centric framework is required for effective Ayurvedic use. According to the global epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), clinical severity ranges from asymptomatic to fatal. Despite the fact that the clinical and laboratory characteristics of COVID-19 patients have been thoroughly studied, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying disease severity and progression remain unknown. This review focuses on key mechanisms proposed to contribute to COVID-19 progression from viral entry to multisystem organ failure, as well as the critical role of the immune response in viral clearance or progression to death.

Development of the new Aquicnn algorithm for an augmentation of CT scans images for COVID-19 Patients

The world is restoring life balance after the global Covid-19 pandemic. This situation, giving birth to new problems, arose as an outcome of pre-and post pandemic scenarios. Healthcare system was under tremendous burden during this pandemic. Government bodies, scientists, drug discovery and drug registration were working in cooperation to fight the situation and to save lives. Out of all such activities, one healthcare domain is a key player, and that is the radiological department of hospitals. As discovery made those Covid-19 effects on lungs, the pressure on CT scan activities rose. To generate a CT scan quickly and to diagnose lung condition is the need of hour. Furthermore, that became a challenge for early detection of lung conditions. Hence, this paper presents the proposed research to develop iterative techniques using deep learning computation. Paper presents the proposed lung image acquisition and augmentation algorithm developed using a convolution neural network named "AquiCNN". This proposed algorithm will be useful for quick and enhanced lung CT image analysis. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

Fuzzy based classification and COVID-19 Patient's Data analysis

COVID-19 respiratory viral disease has changed the entire research communities' focus towards Diseases, Health Care, Treatment and related resources decision making and services. Fuzzy approach gives simplification and improvement in processing logic and speed applied to Data analytics and testing of algorithm for different business purposes may be future research domain. Significant COVID-19 analytics can help to classify and prioritize the resources the future consequences to take enhanced self-ruled decisions, to recognise and design pattern in data spread to design strategic policies for medical, health care units and stakeholders. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

Data analysis of COVID-19 pandemic using CT images

The COVID-19, infectious disease which is caused by the new virus called corona virus [SARS-COV-2], majorly affects the lungs which can be identified by the CT scan of the corona affected patients. We have collected for about 353 lung CT frames from each COVID-19 patient. it is about 369 non COVID-19 CT frames for the purpose of testing and training which gives the best identification technique in this pandemic situation. The identification technique we have introduced in this paper is data augmentation technique which gave best results that will be discussed here in further. From the collected data, we have utilized 75% of the lungs CT frames for training and another 25% frames for difficult attributes. This research paper encompasses of the results specified on CT images of corona complete, improved and loss problems which helps in comparative analysis. So, this comparative analysis of CT images is the illustration investigative statistics examination. Copyright © 2022, Anka Publishers. All rights reserved.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of C0VID-19 Management and Awareness Regarding Doctor's Privilege, Patient's Right and Prevailing Law's during Pandemic

Introduction: The accelerated spread of the COVID-19 Disease has become a major cause of concern for the medical profession. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of COVID-19 management and awareness regarding doctor's privilege, patient’s right, and prevailing laws. Materials and Methods:Atotal of 250 respondents from theheal thcare Institute completed a questionnaire-basedsurvey.The questionnaire was prepared from the currentguidance for medical professionals published by the US Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and MOHFW Govt.of India Suitables am pling method was used for data collection and the distribution. Descripti vestatistics were carrie dout for all groups based on the percentage of correctresponses. Individual pair wise comparisons were done using the Median test. Results: In Present study 94.60% of the participants had knowledge regarding COVID-19 in fection but less than 90% of the total participants could correctly defined “close contact.” The responses rela tedto doctor 's privilege patient’ sright, prevailing laws during pande mic were 83.33%. Out of that, 90.55% of correct responses were ftomseniorfa culties.However, awareness regardin grecentord in ance and changes in exiting Epidemic Diseases Acts were very low (74.92%) in Junior Faculty.There were lOO% correctres ponsesre gardin gawareness about Transmission and conduction of Medico-Legal Autopsy on COVID-19 Positive Dead Bodies. However, the Knowledge of survival of SARS-CO-2 on Dead body were very low (84.46%). Conclusion: Thereisa need for regulartraining programson Corona Management and Awareness Regarding Doctor's Privilege, Patient’s Right, Prevailing Laws © 2021. All Rights Reserved.

Delaysin thrombolysis during COVID-19 are associated with worse neurological outcomes: the Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology Multicenter Collaboration

Objective: To investigate whether delays in intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) administration during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic for patients with suspected acute ischemic stroke are associated with worse neurologic outcomes. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a deleterious impact on health care systems across the world. Delays in presentation and management of emergent medical conditions like myocardial infarction, and stroke have been reported with a recent multicenter cohort study demonstrating that the COVID-19 pandemic has led to delays in IVT administration. It is unknown if these delays contribute to meaningful differences in short-term outcomes. Design/Methods: This was a nested observational cohort study of adult acute ischemic stroke patients receiving IVT from 9 comprehensive stroke centers in 7 states across the United States. Patients admitted prior to the pandemic (1/1/2019-2/19/2020) were compared to those admitted during the early pandemic (3/1/2020-7/31/2020). The effect of delay in IVT administration on death and discharge destination was estimated using multivariable logistic regression model. Results: There were 676 patients who received IVT with a median age of 70 (IQR 58-81) years and median NIHSS of 8 (IQR 4-16). 313 patients (46.3%) were female. During the early COVID19 period, longer treatment delays were observed (median 46 versus 38 minutes, p=0.01) that were associated with higher in-hospital death or hospice discharge (OR per hour 1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.17, p = 0.03). After multivariable adjustment, this effect was strengthened (aOR 1.15, 95% CI 1.07-1.24, p < 0.001). Each hour delay in IVT administration was also associated with 7% lower odds of being discharged home or to a rehabilitation facility (aOR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89-0.97, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Treatment delays observed during the COVID-19 pandemic led to worse shortterm outcomes with higher rates of mortality and hospice care along with lower rates of discharge to home or rehabilitation facility.

Ayurvedic antiviral agents: Overview of medicinal plants perspective

In recent years, it has been reported that many herbal plants contain antiviral agents which combat a human disease that is caused by pathogenic viruses. The natural products which are obtained from plants as antiviral agents against viruses have gone through researches to check the efficacy and potentials of the herbal products in the prevention of viral disorders. On the basis of randomized controlled studies and in-vivo studies, and in-vitro studies, some agents are utilized all across the globe. Progressively numerous studies on therapy of antivirals have been increased. Though, efficacy remains disputable for antiviral drugs that are employed for viral disorders. The viral diseases are challenging for the health of people around the world cause significant increase in mortality and enhance crises. There are many synthetic antiviral drugs that have a large number of side effects and have narrow therapeutic window range, while in the other hand herbal formulations have minimized side effects. The advantages of herbal formulation over synthetic drugs encourage us to devise and expand new herbal moieties against the emerging viral infections. The medicinal plants contain phytochemicals that have antiviral properties. In this paper, the activity of antiviral agents from medicinal plants which have importance in Ayurveda, are discussed along with their source.

Predicting 3D Model of Images for Augmented Reality Applications

Following the COVID-19 Pandemic, traditional offline education has shifted to the online model. Hence, studying anatomy in a 3D view without visiting virtual laboratories can benefit medical students in the online education system. Similarly, a 3D view of furniture items can help enhance customers’ shopping experience while shopping online. Our Android Application will leverage an Augmented Reality Camera to place 3D models in the user's space. To achieve this, we seek to predict the 3D model from a 2D image by using a Differentiable Renderer with PyTorch3D. Previously, Machine Learning Frameworks called Generative Adversarial Networks (3D GAN) used Variational Autoencoder to generate a 3D model corresponding to an input image. This approach was further improved by Hierarchical Surface Prediction (HSP) that used Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to predict Volumetric Pixels for the object surface rather than the object volume, reducing the computational power in contrast to 3D GAN. Finally, the Differentiable Renderer came into being and eliminated the drawbacks of 3D GAN and HSP techniques. The latter approaches only considered voxels for 3D Modelling;however, Differentiable Renderer uses Machine Learning to predict the texture and lighting of the model as well. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Automated Diagnosis of Pneumonia through Capsule Network in conjunction with ResNet50v2 model

The world has witnessed one of the most devastating phases in the history of mankind after being hit with the COVID-19 pandemic which still continues to spread rapidly all across the globe. The disease is believed to majorly cause respiratory disorders in humans. Detecting COVID-19 patients through X-Ray images is the only way to slow down the expansion of the pandemic, detecting pneumonia has equally become a demanding task as both exhibit similar properties of affecting the human lungs. Pneumonia is said to be an illness caused by a bacteria in the alveoli of lungs that may accompany to the death of an individual if its treatment is ignored. Hence, developing an automated system to detect the disease can be beneficial to the human race. With continuous progressions in the expertise of deep learning and machine learning;its fundamentals are observed to continuously contribute towards analysis of medical images and classification of patients exhibiting the disease. In this work, we appraise the concepts of ResNet50v2 model and capsule network to predict the affected and unaffected patients using chest X-Ray images. The authors propose a novel classification framework consisting of a convolutional layer, primary capsule layer and digit capsule layer, wherein the radiographic images are categorized through dynamic routing followed by disease prediction through ResNet50v2 model. The proposed work is implemented on images with a resolution of $224 \times 224$ and a batch size of 10. Further, parametric functions are applied to verify the model being trained. © 2022 IEEE.

Impact of COVID-19 on Indian SMEs and survival strategies

India has been affected by the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, which is dispensing two sorts of stuns on nations: health stun and a monetary stun. Given the idea of the infection, which is exceptionally infectious, the ways to contain the spread incorporate strategy activities, for example, burden of social removing, self-seclusion at home, closure of foundations and offices, limitations on versatility, and even lock-down of a whole nation. These activities can prompt desperate ramifications for economies around the globe. In other words, effective control of the infection requires the economy of a nation to stop its typical working. © 2021, IGI Global.

LONG-TERM IMMUNOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF COVID-19 ON HEALTH

SARS-Cov-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) that initially came to notice in December 2019 is the agent responsible for COVID-19 is still spreading rapidly worldwide and it is presently a potent danger to the world and also to the economy. Patients with COVID-19 are still at risk of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), respiratory failure, and death. Those patients whose aged more than sixty years with comorbidities, children, and healthcare workers are highly vulnerable to this virus patient shows various symptoms most commonly cough, fever, difficulty in breathing, fatigue, sore throat. The infection could be categorized into three stages: mild infection, the pulmonary stage, and the inflammatory stage. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, it has been clear that infection caused due to SARS-Cov-2 might be responsible for the unpredicted long-term health consequences. In addition to this, it has acute respiratory manifestations, adversely SARS-Cov-2 also affects the other organ systems. However, there is limited to the management of COVID-19 related conditions of the extrapulmonary systems. After recovery, patients remain at risk for lung disease, heart disease, and mental ailment. There may be long-term consequences of adverse effects they observed in the course of COVID-19 and during its treatment. This review provided information about the extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 that may impair the urinary, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, hematological, hematopoietic, neurological, or reproductive systems. Also, the main purpose of this article is to describe the current concern of the extra pulmonary complications that were caused due to COVID-19 and also to improve the management and diagnosis of these patients. © 2022 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd.

Stress and Financial Burden Faced by Dentists Amidst COVID 19 Pandemic

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic, initiated in Wuhan, China, had devastating effects on the dental industry world-wide. The mode of transmission of SARS Cov-2, causative agent of Covid-19, was through aerosol and saliva contamination putting dentists at high risk of contracting Covid-19. The measures taken to contain the spread of virus had financial repercussion on the dental industry. The survey was conducted to understand the mental health of dentists amidst Covid-19 pandemic. Aim: To analyse the concerns and anxiety faced by dental surgeons regarding vaccination and the psychological and socio-economic impact Covid-19 pandemic had on dental setups. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 3 months. A sample size of 300 dentists belonging to age group of 25years to 45years was analysed. The dentists included in the sample practiced in Maharashtra, India. A questionnaire was formulated in Google forms and circulated through social media platform. The result was analysed and demonstrated in pie-charts. Results: The survey analysed that majority of dentists were apprehensive to carry out dental procedures. Along with the risk of contracting and being a source of transmission of Covid-19, dentists had huge financial burden of clinic rents, EMI loan pending bills, the cost of preventive kits and reduced patient flow. Conclusion: The survey was successful in analysing the monetary and safety concerns faced by dentists amidst Covid-19 pandemic. The survey also pointed out the mental stress dentists had to overcome to practice dental procedures.

Design Development of Insurance Money Predictor to Claim with Insurance Company

In this pandemic situation of Covid-19, the whole world had suffered a lot. Whatever issues occurred is very uncertain and unexpected. In the life cycle of a human being, it is always desirable to be safe and have a secure lifestyle in every aspect. To face sudden, unexpected situation insurance is one of the solutions. Nowadays due to increasing awareness among the society people are more inclined towards taking medical insurance from various companies. As we know there are several companies in ensuring the various diseases, climatic hazards, man-made and natural emergencies. Insurance money is going to support the human in morally and financially. The insurance companies are having their own rules and regulations for giving money/claims to a client. Some hidden calculations are always out of reach to the common man. Day by day accurate insurance calculation and claim for money become a challenging task for society. In this paper, a system has been developed using a machine learning algorithm for accurate claim calculation. Implemented system will help the client to claim monthly or quarterly premiums based on various parameters like the number of family members you want to insure, the total income of the family, the expected amount of insurance, age group of family members, etc. To make the process more user-friendly and fast, we have developed a website. The claim will be confirmed after the proper identification and verification of the client. © 2021 IEEE.

Guidelines for maxillofacial surgeon concerning emergency operative procedures in COVID-19 outbreak

The COVID-19 pandemic is now a global problem that has significantly impacted the safe practice of Maxillofacial Surgery. It is important to compile information and experiences that have been gained worldwide and define a set of guidelines for best practice for staff performing these procedures and for patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery procedures. As such, these recommendations should be treated as 'expert opinion' and are based mostly on personal communication, guidelines put forth by various national and international societies, and peer-reviewed data when possible. Surgical procedures involving the nasal-oral-endotracheal mucosal region are high risk due to aerosolization of the virus, which is known to be in high concentration in these areas when compared to swabs from the lower respiratory tract1. Further, it appears that if viral particles become aerosolized, they stay in the air for at least 3 h, if not longer. Based on experience in Wuhan, China, and Northern Italy, N95 masks were not enough to control this spread of the disease and it was not until powered air-purifying respirators were introduced that transmission of the virus was controlled among medical personnel. The current paper focuses on setting basic guidelines for dental operating surgeons in taking up an emergency operative procedure. © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

Impact of COVID-19 on Sustainability in Textile & Clothing Sectors

There has been a severe setback towards the sustainability in textiles and clothing sector due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 global pandemic. There has been a loss of momentum towards sustainable textile production, and also the 3R’s (Reduce, Recycle and Reuse) have taken a back seat. This brings into line the zero-waste hierarchy concept for a circular economy by taking specific initiatives like rethink/refuse/redesign, implementing 3R's, composting, material and chemical recovery, etc. The outbreak of COVID-19 has forced the textile sector to focus on developments that will enhance human beings’ protection by producing antiviral clothing materials such as personal protective gears like private protective suits, masks, hand gloves, etc. This personal protective equipment (PPE) has generated a waste mountain of PPE worldwide and has created havoc in terms of sustainability. This chapter will emphasise the impact on sustainability in terms of textiles and clothing industries in detail. It will contribute towards cleaner production and sustainability in the textile sector because of COVID-19 by taking a step towards the opportunities for change in textile processes as per the laws. In addressing these inquiries, we use a structure for analysing sustainability and the textile and garments sector, featuring the chances and difficulties for a sustainable change concerning design, production, utilisation and end-of-life. This chapter's primary concern is to identify whether the ongoing pandemic will support the sustainability evolution concerning the textile and clothing sector. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Contactless Elevator Based on Hand Gestures during Covid 19 like Pandemics

Hand movements in our world are the most popular non-vocal ways of communication that are of great significance. Gesture recognition is an interaction with human computers, commonly used for purposes of education, medicine, and entertainment. Different computer vision related algorithms have used cameras for hand gesture recognition, but sturdy and robust detection of hand gestures is still difficult. We used the CNN model in this paper to define gesture and control devices using particular gestures. Gesture recognition technology will be easy, powerful and secure in this covid-19 pandemic situation. © 2021 IEEE.

COVID-19: Implications on dental profession and precautionary guidelines

The current global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has grasped the attention of entire international community and has caused widespread public health concerns. All the efforts taken globally to curtail the novel COVID-19;the outbreak is still on a rise owing to the community spread pattern of this infection. COVID-19 is a zoonotic infection that, like other coronavirus infections, is believed to have been originated in bats and pangolins, and later transmitted to humans. Once in the human body, this coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is abundantly present in nasopharyngeal and salivary secretions of affected patients and its spread is predominantly thought to be respiratory droplet in nature. Dental professionals may soon encounter patients with suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and will have to act carefully not only to provide care but at the same time prevent spread of infection. Thus, the aim of this article is to provide a brief overview of the epidemiology, symptoms and routes of spread of the novel COVID-19 infection. In addition to this, specific recommendations for dental practice are prescribed for patient screening, infection control strategies, and patient management protocol.